Evolution by Natural Selection Essay Example for Free

Evolution by Natural Selection Essay a. Evolution by Natural Selection: This theory is developed by Charles Darwin as one of the parts of his theory of evolution. This theory embodies the thought that species change and evolve over generations and that the mechanisms for the species change along with it. b. Inheritance: This theory, introduced by Gregor Mendel, embodies the principle that traits are passed on from one generation to the next through the genes that carry them. This means that traits are inherited from the parents to the offspring through these hereditary factors. c. Cells: The Cell theory from Matthias Schleiden and Theodor Schwann, discussed that all cells come from preexisting cells and that cells are the basic elements for life to exist. d. Biological Classification: Carolus Linnaeus began the classification of different species according to their similarities and differences called nomenclature. e. Bioenergetics: is based on the concept that there is an energy that powers life and that it follows the rules of the energies that exist in the inanimate world. f. Homeostasis: Claude Bernard discovered that organisms function best under a narrow range of conditions and that they maintain internal conditions to maintain stability, which allows them to live in a larger range of environments. g. Ecosystems: This deals with the concept that organisms don’t exist alone but is part of a community of other living organisms that interact with one another. (â€Å"What is Biology? †) In relation to the news today and the theories’ applications in the 21st century, a test connected with the Inheritance theory recently revealed that genetics may determine the extent we are influenced by social drinking clues. The article states that a specific form of the Dopamine D4 receptor gene may make people more sensitive to craving caused by alcohol-related cues from other people. This, the article reports, â€Å"†¦may increase the risk for extensive alcohol use or abuse when spending time with heavy-drinking peers (Association for Psychological Science, 25 July 2010). 2. Scientific Method The website began with the question â€Å"Have you ever noticed if you place a plant near a window, that after a while, the plant grows or leans toward the window? † and was followed by the question â€Å"Have you ever wondered why the plant grows toward the window? † This required a hypothesis formulation in order for there to be a guide on how to arrive on the answer. The hypothesis that I have chosen for the experiment on the website was that â€Å"plants respond to the light which they need to make their food. † After selecting my hypothesis, I chose to â€Å"grow three plants with light to the left and glass to the right and three more with light to the right and glass to the left† and look for the difference in the â€Å"direction the plant is growing/leaning. † The result was that â€Å"The leaves of the plants with the light on the left turned toward the left and the tops of the plants grew toward the left. The leaves of the plants with the light on the right turned toward the right and the tops grew toward the right. † This supported my hypothesis that light was the reason that the plants grew toward the windows where the light was. In the scientific method, the whole process began with observation and questioning the behavior of the plant as it grew toward the window and analyzing the possible variables that may affect this behavior. Considering that I had a basic idea about how plants grow, I made a hypothesis that was likely the case, though there may be some other variables that influence the behavior. These other variables made me think of testing them along with the main reason I had been thinking about. In order to test all the elements involved, I proceeded testing with both the light and the glass. Putting all the variables in not only confirms one or more of the variables, but also eliminates other variables that might not have any weight on the observations made. With the results supporting the hypothesis, and eliminating other non-weight bearing variables (in this case, the glass), then the hypothesis is accepted. The explanation in this case would be that plants respond to the light that enables them to create their own food. From here, it is possible to have other questions that would lead to the repeat in the cycle of the scientific method back to observations and questions. These questions could include how plants would react when the source of light comes from different directions. In my own personal experience, I have applied the scientific method to some of the simplest questions I’ve had the chance to encounter in my life. One such example where I constantly apply it is when making projects whether they are for school or for personal enjoyment, especially when the project requires so many redundant details such as cutting strips of paper or stitching something up or anything else. Although this is not exactly the same in doing scientific experiments, the same principles apply. Since I am always concerned with efficiency in doing things, I always ask myself, what is the shortest way I’ll be able to do this while maintaining a standard of quality? This forms the observation and questioning phase. From past experiences and from certain observations, there are many methods that can be applied and I think of the best ones that might apply to what I am currently working on. These comply with the hypothesis that one of the methods that I have thought of will work, which brings me to the experimentation phase. Here, I test which ones work best on a small scale, checking which ones I finish more quickly and produce the same results despite separate repetitions of the method. Upon seeing the results of my experiments, I finally come to the conclusion that at least one of the methods is efficient and effective in producing mass quantities of material for the project I am working on. Sometimes, this leads to other questions such as whether or not the method can be applied to other materials, or which materials work best with that method. This may then catapult me back to the scientific method from the beginning. References What is Biology?. Retrieved July 27, 2010 from http://course1. winona. edu/mdelong/principles/ Lecture%201%20-%20Introduction. ppt Association for Psychological Science. (July 27, 2010). Genetics may Influence Social Drinking. Medical News Today. Retrieved July 27, 2010 from http://www. medicalnewstoday. com/ articles/195725. php

Whole Language versus Phonics Essay -- Education Language Communicatio

Whole Language versus Phonics Whole Language versus Phonics has been a question among many top educational groups for years. Which is the best way to teach kindergarten children the proper way to speak and learn the English Language? There are many valid reasons why experts argue for both phonics and/or whole language. Both seem to be exceptional ways to master the English Language. The purpose of this research paper is to compare phonics versus whole language and to determine how technology can support each approach. The history of the use of phonics dates back to the 1700’s. Backs then, children were taught to read through their memorization of the twenty-six-letter alphabet. Since many books hadn’t been written, their primary textbook was the Bible. Although there is no accounts for when whole language originated some believe that it was around the same time as phonics. The whole language reading method was widespread for thirty years, from around 1940 to 1970. From around 1970 to 1990, phonics was popular. Whole Language gained the most recent foothold around 1990. (Stahl 1996) Several times they have gone back and forth. The debate over whole language and phonics has gone on for years. Which way is best in teaching children how to read? The education world has been debating this issue for years and there still are no exact answers. In more recent year’s instruction specialist have argued that some sort of middle ground should be reached because it would give children the benefits of both. (Cromwell 1997) Some form of middle ground needs to be obtained if children’s needs are going to be met. What is whole language? It is the process of learning a language through whole word teaching. Combining reading, writing and s... ...1997). Phonics vs. whole language: Which is better? Retrieved May 2, 2004, http://www.superkids.com/aweb/pages/features/reading/phonics.shtml IRA. (December 2001) Integrating Literacy and Technology in the Curriculum. Retrieved May 3, 2004, http://www.reading.org/positions/technology.html Stahl, S. (1996) History of reading. Microsoft Encarta 96 Encyclopedia. (CD- ROM). Washington: Microsoft Corporation. Ghate, O. (November 20, 2003). Modern "Educators" vs. Reading. Capitalism Magazine, Page Unknown, Retrieved May 3, 2004. http://capmag.com/article.asp?ID=3337 Sanchez, R. (March 19, 1998). A mixed approach to reading. Washington Post, Page A02, Retrieved February 26, 2004. http://www.washingtonpost.com/ac2/wp-dyn?pagename=article&contentId=A99123-1998Mar19Â ¬Found=true Young, Laura (2004). Interview at Alpine Elementary, Pearblossom, California.

British Petroleum “Bp” Oil Spill

British Petroleum â€Å"BP† Oil Spill On April 20th 2010, British Petroleum better known as BP had an extremely destructive impact on the environment and the livelihood of those in Gulf Coast area of Louisiana, Mississippi and Florida. BP’s Deep-water Horizon oil rig was located offshore, 52 miles off the southeast coast of Venice, Louisiana. An explosion on the Deep-water Horizon oil rig caused a massive fire that claimed the lives of eleven BP workers. After 36 hours of burning, the Deep-water Horizon oil rig sunk to the bottom of the ocean and during this time there were different accounts of how much oil was leaking, if any.Within two weeks, estimates ranged from 8,000 barrels a day to none, back up to 1,000 and some even estimated at 60,000 barrels a day, this made it clear that no one really knew how much oil was being released into the ocean. Initially, besides the deaths, BP made it appear as if it was a mild disaster for the organization. However, the reality o f this disaster was that eleven people lost their lives, an estimated 4. 9 million barrels of oil leaked in the Gulf of Mexico for five months and only approximately 800 million cleaned up. As a result, sea animals lost their lives, many fisherman lost their livelihood, and even the tourism suffered.In the end, BP was fined four billion dollars by the government of the United States, agreed to pay $525 million in civil penalties and has already paid billions in civil claims to all who were impacted by the spill. In addition, three BP employees were indicted on criminal charges and BP CEO Tony Hayward stepped down four months after the spill. The above summary about the tragic BP oil spill was as a result of nbcnews. com website. The article detailed the result of the BP Oil spill of 2010. After two and a half years, the US government and BP agreed on a settlement of 4. billion and the plea of guilty of eleven manslaughter charges. The payments will be paid out in a span of 5 years. This is the largest such penalty ever to an organization. This settlement does not include civil cases that are pending against them from their workers. BP had also agreed in March of 2012 to pay 7. 8 billion to more than 100,000 businesses that were directly affected by the oil spill. The positive aspect of this massive oil spill is that BP took responsibility for the oil spill by pleading guilty and paying billions of dollars for clean-up to businesses, fisherman, families, etc. and committing o getting the coast line back to the way it was before the industrial accident. In addition, BP dedicated a section of their website to the Gulf oil spill in an effort to keep the lines of communication open. BP even used television commercials to communicate the progress of the clean-up efforts and BP employed thousands of people for the clean-up efforts. However, there is a fundamental belief that had BP had not been so greedy and negligent, this environmental disaster could have been avoi ded. BP made many cost saving decisions that increased the risk of a spill and did not closely monitor their contractors.There were so many negative effects of this spill to include the loss of lives, fisherman who lost their livelihood, tourism suffered, wildlife and their breeding grounds were displaced, oil prices skyrocketed, oil rig workers lost their jobs and worst of all, no one will ever truly know the future affects this disaster will cause for the wildlife and environment. In the end, BP continues to rake in billions (last quarter 93 billion) in revenue. The 4. 5 billion BP had to pay to the US government pales in comparison to their profits every year.

Why the Employee Engagement Survey is Out of Date - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 4 Words: 1247 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Public Relations Essay Type Analytical essay Level High school Did you like this example? May 25, 2015 Abstract The objective of this project is to examine a current article and determine the capacity to analysis the current event by developing a rational summary (Schinker, 2015). This article is about the review of a somewhat outdated management method that has recently been given an updated title. The company examined within the article can be any kind of general company and is intended to be used as an illustration of what any company is able of transforming (Schinker, 2015). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Why the Employee Engagement Survey is Out of Date" essay for you Create order This is article is intended to demonstration what is not functioning within a company and how that company can go about revamping their method of providing an enjoyable work experience. Current Event Summarization The article that I found for my current event was à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Why the employee engagement survey is out of date?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  and is basically a summarization of another article titled à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Its Time To Rethink The Employee Engagement Issueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  with an ultimate resolution. So to begin the author of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Its Time To Rethink The Employee Engagement Issueà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is Josh Bersin and based off of my article he argues that the conventional yearly engagement survey is invalid and unnecessary (Red, 2015). Bersin asks for more of an all-inclusive, unified, and instantaneous method to assessing and pushing for greater amounts of associate dedication and desire (Bersin, 2014). The most noted yearly engagement survey developer was actu ally Gallup who created the initial survey over 30 years ago (Bersin, 2014). Gallup was initially motivated by the industrial engineer Frederick Taylorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s work of the late-1800s (Bersin, 2014). Taylor was the first to notice the increased associate satisfaction on the steel businessà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ production rates (Bersin, 2014). My article continues to explain that Bersin has an argument that allows us to understand that this old evaluation standard is no longer applicable due to the fact that there are currently too many types of surveying tools used to gauge associate engagement (Red, 2015). The first reason why this evaluation standard is no longer applicable is because the standard is just too constricted (Red, 2015). Based off of my article Bersin implies that the conventional engagement survey is not as comprehensive as it could be (Red, 2015). Developing work societies mean redefining most management designs, the job atmosphere, and even the labor force itself which normally are excluded from most surveys (Red, 2015). Therefore, Bersin goes on to state that companies have to look past these aspects of engagement and come up with innovated ways to make their associates feel wanted and cherished (Red, 2015). Types of ways my article says this is possible could be by providing snack rooms, rooms to relax in, and even ways to eliminate stress such as yoga or a masseuses (Red, 2015). The other reason why this evaluation standard is no longer applicable is because the term engagement is misleading (Red, 2015). Based off of my article it states that Bersin even has a problem with the term à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“engagementà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  he says that engaging a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s associates is no longer adequate (Red, 2015). He says that a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s associates have to ready to commit or marry the company (Red, 2015). Yet, the only way this would be possible is by establishing a company that makes their associates want to come to work (Red, 2015). Based off of the article Bersin feels that it would be best if companies began utilizing a new evaluation standard besides the conventional yearly engagement survey (Red, 2015). With that said a new method that companies could adopt would be by gauging the delight and career fulfillment on a regular basis (Red, 2015). By placing instantaneous reaction instruments to a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s associates it allows these associates to straightforwardly convey their emotions to management so that they can control any disputes before that become overwhelming (Red, 2015). The article also states that based off of Bersinà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s perspective that associates should be viewed as the core to a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s production instead of as just cogs in the machine, which can be interpreted by saying that instead of a company working their associates to the bone that they could utilize the new method mentioned above and make themselves seductive to the associates and they will engage themselves much more often (Red, 2015). Current Event Determination Earlier this week we discussed a topic called the quality of work life programs. I feel that this article greatly relates to this concept due to the fact that by engaging a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s associates they can determine what makes going to work irresistible. This is what the quality of work life programs do for the companies that use them. Therefore, we can see with the following chart that quality of work life programs could basically be the solution to the engagement survey problem. Quality of work life Job satisfaction Performance Work propose, Job atmosphere amenities, Work reassurance, Health, Incomes compensations, Job life equilibrium, Education growth, Management Associate equality The first concept leads to the next concept Excellent company to work for minus pressures, improved enthusiasm fulfillment, decreased truancy, smaller turnover. The second concept leads to the last concept Increase in sales, assets ROAG, shareholder worth, company sustainability, competitive advantage, associate awareness, scientific guidance elasticity. (Gayathiri Ramakrishnan, 2013). With what I have learned this week in regards to what the quality of work life programs are they are essentially expected to help enhance the personal lives of a companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s associates and their functionality to more of an acceptable standard. Now with this said to determine the solution to the question of whether I feel the article discussed a prediction of a recovery, if a negative approach, or success, if a new launch or revamping of a current policy/approach, to this issue?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (Schinker, 2015). I believe that with the concept that the end of the article à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Why the employee engagement survey is out of date?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  discussed that the quality of work life programs are the solution to the engagement survey issue and could become very effective in the long run for many companies. I also feel that as long as companies attempt to work with their associates this concept will become even better than the à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“engagement surveyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  concept. Therefore, I believe that as long as companies are trying to enhance their method of associate engagement and try to utilize some of the abundant resources accessible to them that they can handle their functionality issues successfully. Conclusion With all of the material from above I trust that the article à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Why the employee engagement survey is out of date?à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  is an applicable article that completely displays that I understand what make this a management issue (Schinker, 2015). The rationale for this is due to the fact that the article expresses a procedure that is similar to the quality of work life programs, which are a management concept that we discussed this week. The quality of work life programs can also be used as a means for managers to enhance the lives of their associates and the inclusive functionality of the company. References Bersin, J. (2014, April 10). Its Time To Rethi nk The Employee Engagement Issue. Retrieved May 21, 2015, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/joshbersin/2014/04/10/its-time-to-rethink-the-employee-engagement-issue/. Gayathiri, R., Ramakrishnan, L. (2013, January 1). Quality of Work Life à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å" Linkage with Job Satisfaction and Performance. Retrieved May 25, 2015, from https://www.ijbmi.org/papers/Vol(2)1/Version_2/A210108.pdf, Red, L. (2015, March 12). Why the employee engagement survey is out of date. Retrieved May 25, 2015, from https://www.leadershipreview.net/why-employee-engagement-survey-out-date Schinker, R. (2015). Week 2 Current Event Paper Assignment Description. Retrieved May 21, 2015, from https://davenport.blackboard.com/webapps/blackboard/execute/displayLearningUnit?course_id=_189795_1content_id=_7164613_1.